Truffle Genus: Terfezia

Terfezia spinosa
Terfezia boudieri
ascospore

Terfezia boudieri
Terfezia boudieri
ascospore

Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Order: Pezizales
Family: Pezizaceae

Spore Characters

Surface: Warts, an irregular, amorphous reticulum, or spines 2-7 µm tall.
Shape and Size: Globose, 12-27 µm in diameter, excluding ornamentation.
Wall: 0.5-1 µm thick.
Color in Water: Hyaline to pale brown.
Melzer's Reaction: Not distinctive or orangeish brown.
Comments: Other species may key out with any of several other genera, but Terfezia occurs only in southern Europe, North Africa, the Mid-East and West Asia in semi-arid to arid habitats. Species described from elsewhere have been re-assigned to other genera.

View photos of Terfezia spores

Sporocarp Characters

Shape and Size: Subglobose to turbinate, 2-8.5 cm in diameter.
Peridium: Brownish yellow to brownish black, glabrous to felty.
Gleba: Solid, pale brown pockets of fertile tissue separated by white to yellow sterile veins.
Odor: Generally faint and not distinctive.

View photos of Terfezia sporocarps

Name Derivation

Derived from a Bedouin word for truffle, terfaz, by French botanist and mycologist Louis René Tulasne (1815-1885) and his younger brother French physician and mycologist Charles Tulasne (1816-1884) (1851).

Distribution

Southern Europe, North Africa, and West Asia.
Season
: Late summer and autumn.
Species known from North Temperate Semi-arid Woodlands or Shrublands: Six; most other species occur in deserts.

Keys and Descriptions

See Fischer (1938) for European, Asian, and African species. 

Kovács, G.M., T.K. Balázs, F.D. Calonge, & M.P. Martín (2011).  The diversity of Terfezia desert truffles: new species and a highly variable species complex with intrasporocarpic nrDNA ITS heterogeneity.  Mycologia 103: 841-853.