Truffle Genus: Genea

Genea compacta
Genea compacta
ascospore
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Order: Pezizales
Family: Pyrenomataceae

Spore Characters

Surface: Smooth in youth, soon developing hyaline, rounded warts or pointed, truncate, or forked cones. These ornaments slowly dissolve in KOH.
Shape and Size: Ellipsoid to subglobose. 20-45 x 12-34 µm excluding ornamentation.
Wall: Single, 1-3 µm thick.
Color in Water: Hyaline.
Melzer's Reaction: Not distinctive.
Comments: The hyaline, KOH-soluble ornamentation of spores of Genea spp. has been found only in one other genus of the Northern Hemisphere, Gilkeya.

View photos of Genea spores

Sporocarp Characters

Shape and Size: Subglobose to irregular, with an apical opening to a single chamber and a basal tuft of mycelium, 0.3-3 cm in diameter.
Peridium: Brown or black; verrucose, often with guard hairs at the margin of the apical opening, in some species tomentose overall.
Gleba: A single, uniform to irregular chamber with a verrucose lining similar to the peridium; the lining overlies white to gray flesh which contains a generally continuous, embedded palisade of inamyloid asci.
Odor: Fungoid to strongly garlicky or pungent.

View photos of Genea sporocarps

Name Derivation

Named by Italian mycologist (1800-1865) Carlo Vittadini (1831), founder of truffle taxonomy, in honor of the 19th-century Italian zoologist Giuseppi Gene for his studies of fungicolous insects.

Distribution

Associated with ectomycorrhizal hosts in the Northern Hemisphere; infrequently collected, but sometimes locally abundant.
Season: Spring through early winter.
Species known from North Temperate Forests: About 25, including some as yet undescribed.

Keys and Descriptions

Gilkey (1939, 1954) covers the North American species described so far; European taxa are keyed be Fischer (1938) and described by Hawker (1954), Lange (1956), Ceruti (1960), and Montecchi and Sarasini (2000).

Literature Cited

Smith, M.E., J.M. Trazze and D.M. Rizzo. 2006. Genea, Genabea and Gilkeya gen. nov.: Ascomata and ectomycorrhiza formation in a Quercus woodland. Mycologia 98:699-716.